Insects are the most abundant group of animals with more than million species invading air, water and solid. The success is based on group high potential for adaptations to different surroundings. The study of function and evolution of biological mechanisms which determine insect superiority is in the focus of scientific interest giving informations about basic laws of life on Earth and potential for different applications in the frame of environmental and health protection, assurance of healthy and sufficient food and of life in the broad sense of view. The most important results of investigations in the frame of the research programme are represented separately for behavioural, neurobiological and biophysical studies. 1/ Behaviour a/ In the context of biodiversity reasearch most interesting investigations were focused on interdisciplinary studies of genetic and behavioural variability of different insect populations. Vibratory signals were described in different insect species and the informational value of their parameters was determined. Valuable results were obtained by genetic investigations on diversity of geographically isolated populations with hybridisation experiments. b/ Collaborators of the group first proved synergy between chemical and vibratory signals during communication. The emission of female calling song modulates male pheromone emission and the latter probably triggers female singing. In collaboration with scientists from INRA Versailles (France) and Department of Entomology of the California University Riverside (USA) the level of species specificity of signals of both modality was demonstrated. c/ Space orientation on a plant and localization of a sexual partner is the condition for successful copulation. Collaborators of the group first demonstrated that stink bugs orient towards mates by the use of vibratory signals and that vibrational directionality is possible also in small insects. At the basis of these results BBC produced a contribution for the film and the book about animal communication. 2. Neurobiology a/ As first the group described projections of sensory neurons innervating outer sensilla and chordotonal organs in Drosophila flies. The peripheral structure of dbd neuron was described together with its connection with glia cell. High scientific value has description of timing of development of the sensory neuron with bipolar dendrites as well as observations of posture symetry during locomotion of larvae. b/ In the central nervous system of Orthoptera (cave crickets) and Heteroptera (green stink bug) collaborators of the group described the anatomy and function of higher order neurons processing and transmistting information about substrate vibrations. In cave crickets the nerve net is comparable with the one in crickets although the former do not communicate with sound or vibratory signals. In the southern green stink bug the group demonstrated that the system of higher neurons is complex and able to analyse precisely different parameters of vibratory signals. c/ The group developed the programme to evaluate statistically changes of activity of spontaneously active neurons enabling statistical analysis of cell's functional properties. 3. Biophysics The group demonstrated that communication signals in stink bugs are tuned with substrate mechanical properties enabling most effective communication including mate recognition and localization on the plant.