I. Research results contribute to fundamental knowledge about steel corrosion, first of all in the region of protective passive film formation and to the indestructible assessment of corrosion progresses. New models make it practicable to understand better processes at all fields and give the possibility to forecast corrosion progresses, e.g. stress corrosion. II. Potentiometric sensors prepared with chemical treatment of steel surfaces are newness and imagine simple, cheap and effective analytical tools for determination of vitamin C, glutathione, urea, thiourea, cysteine and N-acetil cysteine. Techniques, at which developed sensors used as detectors, serve as self-dependent or comparative analytical methods for pharmaceutical drugs. III. New resins and multiphase polymeric materials are tailored to meet the demands of modern structural and functional materials. In our research work we have systematically studied the compatibilization effects in polymer blends as well as the modification of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) with fillers and/or block copolymers and with ionizing irradiation. For the successful modification of iPP blends and composites it is necessary to understand the mechanism of activity of block copolymers as an interlayer and consequently the changes of structural, mechanical and processing properties. We have investigated all this effects to obtain the new polymeric materials with improved properties. Our investigations serve theoretical as well as practical knowledges about the phenomena of interphases and interfaces of multiphase polymeric materials. The results of extensive research work were comparatively represented in numerous scientific and technical publications. IV. Polymeric asymmetric porous membranes formation by wet phase inversion method is a complex process. We achieved some insight into the whole process by dividing it into "elementary processes" and studied them in all details. Our further original contribution to the elucidation of the mechanisms of polymeric membranes formation is the implementation of the determination of the shrinkage of the membrane-forming system from cast solution into the (proto)membrane. We proposed an original "syneresis pressure-coalescence model" of formation of macrovoids, which are constituent part of some membranes. Also from the study of formations parameters of "double-layer cast membranes" we expect some new original contribution(s) to the deeper understanding of the mechanisms of the polymeric asymmetric porous membranes formation by wet phase inversion.