The study of diffuse CAD has revealed the importance of cellular proliferation, apoptosis, capillary and small vessel's angiogenesis on dinamic changes in atherosclerotic plaque. Inflammatory changes in endarterectomised vessel wall so as in neoangiogenetically arised vasa vasorum of aterosclerotic plaque are most probably the reaction to the infection with Chlamydia Pneumoniae. We think that these findings might change the therapeutic strategies in CAD. The DD genotype of the insertion/deletion (I/D) angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism has been demonstrated to be independent risk factor for myocardial infarction. Study showed sex difference in the effect of ACE-DD genotype on the risk of premature myocardial infarction. DD genotype was a risk factor in men but not in women. Factor V point mutation was not a risk factor for CAD. Apo E gene polymorphism affected the cholesterol metabolism - namely subjects with e3e4 genotype were associated with increased LDL cholesterol level, but not with CAD. The gene polymorphism of atrial natriuretic factor is potential genetic risk for essential arterial hypertension, especially in interaction with obesity. The research on hypertensive rat model failed to confirm hypothesis about the importance of hypoxia on spontaneous carcinogenesis in a group of hypertensive rats treated for a long period with calcium antagonists.