The article outlines migration control in Europe from the 18th century to WWI with particular emphasis on its milestones and historical phases. It starts with the control criteria undertaken during the absolu¬tism of the early modern period in order to manage migration movements and consolidate the power of the central state. This is followed by a presentation of the liberal attitude towards migrations arising from the French revolution. Over the course of the 19th century this attitude brought about a regime of relatively free transnational migration movements, responding to the rationale of economic liberalism and the international labour market. The third part focuses on state protectionism and interventio¬nism following WWI, when the states strengthened their control systems over migration movements and started to govern them in order to protect their national labour markets and according to other national interests.
COBISS.SI-ID: 39315245
The article presents how gender-specific control is structured on different levels: at the level of national imagination; at the level of the mechanisms of the preservation of the traditional division of gender roles; and at the level of public discourses and cultural presentations. However, the main aim of the article is to overcome the dominant understanding and treatment of women migrants as victims of control mechanisms and migration policy. It presents some parallels between past and contemporary ways of control of control that are actively performed by women migrants as the actors in individual migration processes. By choosing strategies of survival and improvement of ways of life in the migration context, their agency and inventiveness overcome, resist and exploit the control mechanisms of migration for their own benefit.
COBISS.SI-ID: 39291949
The article brings a brief overview of the emigration from Slovenian ethnic territory from the beginnings of Slovenian mass emigration until today. The author places Slovenian emigration in the context of European mass emigration. She emphasises that in the framework of Slovenian emigration we can speak about the generation of emigrants from the second half of the 19th century or from then turn of the century, the generation from the period between the two world wars, the generation of the post-second-world-war political emigration and the generation of the post-second-world-war economic emigration. Members of these generations left their homeland when it was marked by different social-political and cultural-linguistic contexts, and they transferred these contexts to their descendants. The latter were different from the generations of Slovenian emigrants who came to their milieus later on, and from their off-spring. The article published in Geografija v šoli (Geography at School) contributes significantly to teachers' knowledge on the history of Slovenian emigration.
COBISS.SI-ID: 40738605