Jana Rošker‘s monograph explores in depth specific features of the traditional Chinese state theories and ideologies, focusing upon the most influential discourses in classical Chinese intellectual history. It mainly deals with Confucianism which represented (after the Han Dynasty, 206 B.C.–220) the central official state doctrine throughout the entire historical processes of traditional and pre-modern China, but also introduces and analyses other relevant discourses in this field, as for in stance the state theories of the main representatives of the Mohist and Legalist school and of the School of names. It also offers an exhaustive introduction of Daoist approaches that were mainly conditioned by the negation of state institutions. The book opens with an elaboration of problems and issues defining the methodology of intercultural research. The author believes that research in the field of Chinese philosophy should approach the Chinese cultural and linguistic area through its own language and texts. Thus, the use of primary sources in Chinese provides deeper insights into the structure of issues and interpretations that are characteristic of the socialization process, as well as the contents and methodological approaches that form the research subjects. The book begins by laying a theoretical foundation, go on to trace the history of Chinese classical state theories, present evidence of their involvement in a variety of civic associations, and concludes with discussion of classical influences upon the present Chinese state ideologies.
COBISS.SI-ID: 273282304
This scientific monograph, which was published by the Scientific Institute at the Faculty of Arts in Ljubljana, belongs into the oeuvre of 4 works of the collection The History of China. The first chapters of the book Foreign Dynasties and the Soundness of Chinese Tradition overlap in time with the last chapters of the previous monograph of the same author, entitled the Greatness of Traditional China. The last chapters of the previous book were dealing with the Chinese Song dynasty, whereby the first chapters of the present book are dealing with smaller states in the northern China that were – following the example of the Song state – founded by various foreign rulers who have conquered Chinese territories. After that, the author is focusing upon the analysis of the establishment and the and the widening of Mongolian state and upon the period of the rulership of the Mongolian Dynasty Yuan in China. These issues are followed by a detailed introduction of the Ming Dynasty which followed the Yuan Dynasty and which has ruled China until the 17th century. Because the Ming Dynasty represents the period of the fullest development of the traditional Chinese society, the historical descriptions are limited to a minor part of the text, which mainly deals with the thematic analyses and interpretations of the particular aspects of the functioning of the state. The author applies the Ming Dynasty as a paradigmatic example, through which the readers can obtain a more coherent insight into the typical conditions of the traditional Chinese society.
COBISS.SI-ID: 274964480
The main topic of the present paper is the ′85 Art Movement, which was the first significant nationwide Avant-garde art movement in China. This movement, which arose in the mid-1980s, defined the aesthetic foundations and identity of contemporary Chinese art, and represented Chinese globalized society on the threshold of the 21st century. In focussing on China' specific cultural and political contexts, the present paper analyses the concepts of humanism (renwen 人文) and idea (guannian 觀念). The spirit of humanism, with a rationalist connotation, and the desire for a revolution of ideas were the two main factors underpinning the Chinese Avant-garde movement and its artistic expressions. The paper also shows that the ′85 Art Movement did not stem solely from the socio-political challenges of the 1980s, but should be situated in the wider context of the “modernization project of Chinese art”, in the early 20th century. The Avant-garde movement of the 1980s was thus deeply rooted in the general reform movement of the first decades of the 20th century, which blamed the cultural “retardation” of the Chinese tradition on the backwardness of Chinese society in general, and its inability to adapt to the most modern currents of the contemporary world.
COBISS.SI-ID: 56412514
This article deals with the two districts in the southeast of the Kyōto city, which are known to have been settled by people who are marginalised for various reasons. The research is based on a short fieldwork focuses on two main groups living in the Kyōto buraku and near it: burakumin (eta people) and zainichi Koreans. It also presents their ways of living as marginal communities and the ways they cope with discrimination. The article also considers in greater detail the developments within the life in buraku, focusing particularly on the critical role of machi-zukuri in liberation movements over the course of the 20th to the 21st century. The research also looks for the relationship between these two discriminated groups. This article thus challenges the idea that the involvement in the process of community building of one group serves as know-how for other marginal communities for collaborations with cities and local self-governing establishments.
COBISS.SI-ID: 56678242
The aim of this article is twofold. First, on a basis of considering and integrating certain classical Indian (especally Buddhist) methodologies, it provides a general overview of the resurgence of first-person methodologies in cognitive sciences, with a special emphasis on the circular process of naturalising phenomenology and phenomenologising nature. Secondly, it tries to elucidate what theoretical (conceptual) and practical (existential) implications phenomenological approaches might have for the current global understanding of nature and consciousness, arguing that meditative and contemplative techniques developed particularly in Buddhist traditions might play a key role in this transformative endeavour. Results: It is argued that, in order for the integration of phenomenological and scientific approaches to prove successful, it is not enough merely to provide a firm naturalistic grounding for phenomenology. An equally, if not even more important, process of phenomenological contextualisation of science must also be considered, which might have far-reaching implications for its theoretical underpinnings (move from disembodied to embodied models) and our existential stance towards nature and consciousness (cultivation of a non-dual way of being). Implications: The broader theoretical framework brought about by the circular exchange between natural sciences on the one hand and phenomenological and contemplative traditions (particularly Buddhism) on the other can contribute to a more holistic conception of science, one that is in accord with the cybernetic idea of second-order science and based on a close interconnection between (abstract) reflection and (lived) experience.
COBISS.SI-ID: 55966306