The paper explores the relationship between subjective assessment of wearing comfort and objectively determined physiological parameters (mean skin temperature, skin relative humidity, amount of sweat secreted in sweat absorbed in clothing) in a warm environment. The experiment involved five young girls who wore two different models of women’s summer clothing, made from five different raw materials, but of nearly identical structural characteristics. All wearing trial tests were performed under artificially designed ambient conditions within a computer-controlled climatic chamber. It was found that there existed a relationship between subjective assessment of wearing comfort and objectively determined physiological parameters of the test subjects. The relationship between the subjective assessment of comfort and objectively defined parameters of wearing comfort is obtained on the basis of the functional dependence of subjective assessments of skin moisture from objectively measured physiological parameters of thermal comfort (i.e. skin temperature, relative humidity at the skin surface and the amount of secreted sweat), sorption properties of materials (amount of sweat absorbed within clothing), and climatic conditions (air temperature, wind velocity), as confirmed by the relatively high value of the coefficient of multiple linear regression.
COBISS.SI-ID: 20031510
The aim of this research was to investigate the influences of different test methods on the transverse and longitudinal deformations of specimens and the introduction of the strip quadratic method for the determination of the Poisson's ratio. The research was conducted in two parts. In the first part strip biaxial and strip quadratic methods were investigated. Based on the test results the longitudinal and transverse deformations under tensile loading were analyzed, which resulted in a proposal for modifying the test method for determining the Poisson's ratio. In the second part the Poisson's ratios for five different fabrics were determined using a strip quadratic method. The analyses of the results showed that this test method influenced the values of longitudinal and transverse deformations for the test specimen and its constituents. The proposed tensile method, which is based on a square-shaped specimen, assures determination of the actual values for transverse deformation during the loading.
COBISS.SI-ID: 18626838
The successfully solving the challenges of interdisciplinary research themes of the program requires the involvement of experts from the field of materials characterization especially from the area of electron microscopy. Electron microscopy and microchemical analysis allow visualization and analysis of textile fibres, films, and coatings on fibres. One of the advanced methods of characterization is the analysis of the double-beam electron and focused ion beam (FIB/SEM), which enables the analysis of thin films and nanoparticles on the surface of the fibres and in the cross section. For example the use of modern method SEM/FIB is described in the article; where the method SEM/FIB was used for analyse the copper surface treated with a pulsed nanosecond UV laser. Experience and knowledge will be applied to other materials in the context of a research program in the characterization of the textile materials.
COBISS.SI-ID: 19470870
This paper presents research into simulating parameters effects on 3D garment drape simulations with the aim of examining influential parameters regarding the accuracies of the appearances of virtual garments. The effects on the modified appearances of 3D virtual garments due to the simulated parameters, i.e. the solver setting, soft bending and resolution were investigated. Drape simulations of fabrics and garments were analysed by using the OptiTex 3D commercial CAD system for different fabrics, of which low-stress mechanical properties were measured by using the FAST measuring system and drape parameters by a Cusic Drape Tester. A comparison between the orthogonal projections of the real and virtual fabric drapes based on the Cusic method was performed and between the appearances and dimensions of the real and 3D virtual garments. The simulation parameters observed influence drape simulations of the 3D virtual fabrics and 3D garments depending on the fabric properties and pattern piece sizes. The results reveal that there is still a fundamental problem regarding the introduction of real fabric physical and seam properties during garment drape simulation. Therefore further consistent studies are needed for resolving limitations in this area on the synergistic effects of simulation parameters on 3D garment drape simulation.
COBISS.SI-ID: 20113430
The fully comprehensive monograph “Design of clothing manufacturing processes – A systematic approach to planning, scheduling, and control” provides a critical overview and appreciation of design of clothing manufacture processes, and an understanding of product development and production planning. Design of clothing manufacturing processes plays an essential role in introducing new products, particularly in the ability to adapt quickly to dynamic changes in the global market. The eight chapters of the book provide detailed coverage of clothing-manufacture planning, management, and scheduling. Chapter 1 gives a general overview of clothing classification and terminologies for individual clothing types. Chapter 2 therefore provides an overview of the development and analysis of sizing systems of clothing. Chapter 3 reviews the key issues in product development - garment collection. These chapters provide the context for designing particular clothing manufacturing processes. Chapters 4 to 7 discuss particular aspects of clothing manufacturing engineering, ranging from engineering, planning, scheduling to monitoring and controlling. The last Chapter provides an overview of quality requirements for clothing materials, definitions and minimum quality standards. The monograph is intended for a wide spectrum of readers, including students, researchers and academics, as well as professionals in the field of clothing design and engineering.
COBISS.SI-ID: 16688918
Textile materials differ in numerous aspects from conventional engineering materials. They are inhomogeneous, discontinuous, highly anisotropic, and deformable. They can suffer large deformations and displacements within a plane at low stress under ordinary conditions and/or during normal use. Understanding and knowing about the non-linear mechanical properties of textile fabrics and their behaviour under low stress has become a starting-point for the engineering planning of fabrics and products made from them, quality control, product development, process and product optimisation and, last but not least, for computer-aided design, construction, and the numerical modelling and simulation of garments and other products for technical applications. The following seven chapters provide an overview of complex fabric deformations and the 3D modelling of clothing. These contents that summarise the 10 year inter-university research work of four researchers from three Universities, i.e. University of Maribor (SI), Budapest University of Technology and Economics (HU) and Óbuda University (HU), are subdivided into two thematically-connected parts. Part I addresses the basic issues in the complex deformations of a textile structure. The first chapter provides a study of the complex deformations of a textile structure in view of the two- and three dimensional drape and outline of draping as an aesthetic performance of clothing appearance. The measuring and simulation of drape performance and fabric drape behaviour as the functions of some influential parameters are given in the two following chapters. The asymmetrical behaviour of complex textile structures is described in the fourth chapter. Part II places emphasis on the 3D modelling of the human body and clothing simulation. Chapter five gives an overview of the reg-trade development, resp. of those techniques used by computer-aided design systems in view of the spatial design, modelling, and virtual garment fitting. Chapter six reports on the measuring and modelling of the human body, where the Sylvie 3D system is used in modelling. Chapter seven reports on 3D clothing design using the Sylvie system and application of the Sylvie 3D system throughout the clothing industry. The monograph is intended for a wide spectrum of readers, including students, researchers and academics, as well as professionals in the field of clothing design, engineering and other aspects of modelling and virtual garment fitting.
COBISS.SI-ID: 17388566
A drawn PET filament sewing thread for the automotive industry was used for this research. This study concerned itself with the draw ratioćs influence regarding certain physical properties of the threads, the tensile properties during sewing and the mechanical properties after sewing in order to estimate the drawn thread's sewing performance. An increase in the draw ratio caused a decrease in the linear density, and thread twist. In addition, the tenacity, elastic modulus and tension at the yield point were increased when drawing, whilst the breaking extension decreased. It was found that tensile fatigue and heat loading during the sewing process cause changes in the threads' mechanical properties, depending on the draw ratio. The tenacity, elastic modulus and tension at the yield point had decreased after the sewing process, whilst the breaking extension decreased for those threads drawn at lower draw ratios, and increased for those drawn at higher draw ratios. The results show that those threads drawn at higher draw ratios displayed in a ppropriate sewing performance, resulting from inadequate elastic and surface characteristics.
COBISS.SI-ID: 15303958
Heat transfer of the system man – clothing – environment represents a complex study area. A new development concept of the mathematical model for the heat transfer between the environment and human’s body as a system human’s body - clothing – environment was presented in the frame of this article. The concept of the mathematical model for heat transfer between the environment and human’s body is based on the study of all forms of transfer of dry heat (radiation, convection and conduction). The developed model is original and has an important contribution to thermal comfort.
COBISS.SI-ID: 11392790
The paper aims to investigate thermal comfort properties, such as heat and moisture transmission through male business clothing systems, by using a sweating thermal manikin Coppelius that simulates heat and moisture production in a similar way to the human body and measures the influence of clothing on heat exchange in different environmental and sweating conditions. Design/methodology/approach - Ten different combination of male business clothing systems were measured using the sweating manikin, under three environmental conditions and at two sweating levels, in order to evaluate the influence of environmental and sweating conditions on thermal comfort properties of clothing systems. Findings - The results show how business clothing systems influence on the dry and evaporative heat loss between the manikin surface andenvironment in different environmental and sweating conditions. Practical implications - When using sweating thermal manikin Coppelius, water vapour transmission (WVT) through and water condensation on the clothing can be determined simultaneously with the thermal insulation (It) of clothing system. Measured thermal comfort properties of clothing systems evaluated with a sweating thermal manikin can provide valuable information for the clothing industry by manufacturing/designing new clothing systems. Originality/value - In this investigation, the heat and moisture transmission properties of male business clothing systems were measured in different environmental and sweating conditions. In the past few years, clothing materials containing microencapsulated phase-change materials (PCMs) have appeared in outdoor garments, particularly sportswear; therefore, we decided to investigate the thermal comfort properties of different standard male business apparel, as well as male business clothing that contain PCMs used as liner and outerwear material.
COBISS.SI-ID: 12304662
Web-based and adapted e-learning materials provide alternative methods of learning to those used in a traditional classroom. Within the study described in this article, deaf and hard of hearing people used an adaptive e-learning environment to improve their computer literacy. This environment included streaming video with sign language interpreter video and subtitles. The courses were based on the learning management system Moodle, which also includes sign language streaming videos and subtitles. A different approach isrequired when adapting e-learning courses for the deaf and hard of hearing: new guidelines must be developed concerning the loading and display of video material. This is shown in the example of the e-learning course, ECDL (European Computer Driving Licence). The usability of the e-learning course isanalyzed and confirmed using two methods: first, the Software Usability Measurement Inventory (SUMI) evaluation method, and second, the Adapted Pedagogical Index (AdaPI), which was developed as part of this study, and gives an index to measure the pedagogical effectiveness of e-learning courses adapted for people with disabilities. With 116 participants, of whom 22 are deaf or hard of hearing, the e-learning course for the target group has been found suitable and appropriate according to both evaluation methods.
COBISS.SI-ID: 15701526