The aim of our investigation was to determine tolerance of some new Lj- maize hybrids to Fusarium subglutinans (FS). Fifty new F1 hybrids were developed using the scheme of incomplete diallel, and involved 15 inbreds (P1–P10 as female and P12–P16 as male parents). The material was maintained in the maize gene bank of the Biotechnical Faculty in Ljubljana. The field trial was conducted on the experimental station of the Biotechnical Faculty at Jable near Ljubljana in 2011 and 2012. The inoculation by the fungus took place in the middle 5 randomly chosen ears, on each plot, 7-10 days after pollination. The disease assessment was performed during the harvest time according to the ranking scale from 1 to 7. In both years, significant differences in tolerance to FS were determined for hybrids and for general combining ability (GCA) of female lines. Regarding testers (male parents) significant differences in GCA were determined only in 2012, while significant differences for specific combining ability (SCA) were established only in 2011. P10 and P6 (as female parents) and P15 (as a male parent) had the highest value of GCA. The hybrids with the highest value of SCA did not always include the inbreds with the highest value of GCA. However, four out of five hybrids, with the best score of tolerance to FS, include the inbred P15. In our investigation some inbreds showed different response to the existing growing conditions in association with the scored tolerance to FS.
B.03 Paper at an international scientific conference
COBISS.SI-ID: 7424889The presence of mycotoxins in foods can pose a risk to human health. Some characteristics of mycotoxins, which are common in foods, are presented with emphasis on their harmful influence on human health. These mycotoxins are: aflatoxins (AF), ochratoxin A (OTA), fumonisins B1 and B2 (FB), deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZON) and T-2/HT-2 toxins. Cereals represent the most important source of food in many countries therefore the presence of mycotoxins in those products could contribute most to the exposure of consumers to mycotoxins. In order to protect human safety, official controls of mycotoxins in foodstuffs are set down in European Union legislation. The responsibility for insuring that the food products placed on the market are in compliance with food safety legislation, including mycotoxins, is of food businesses. According to results of official control, among all cereal foods, wheat products could contribute most to the exposure of Slovenian inhabitants to mycotoxins.
F.18 Transfer of new know-how to direct users (seminars, fora, conferences)
COBISS.SI-ID: 3224293The results of analyses, where for the first time the Slovene feed and milk samples contained aflatoxins in the concentrations above limits given in the legislation were presented. For the determination of aflatoxin B1 and M1, the procedures consisting of sample immunoaffinity column clean-up and liquid chromatography were used. 243 milk samples and 53 feed samples were investigated. The maximum level for aflatoxin M1 in consumable milk given in the legislation was exceeded in 23 samples. Among 53 different feed samples analysed, 20 samples contained aflatoxin B1 in concentrations higher than maximum permitted levels.
B.03 Paper at an international scientific conference
COBISS.SI-ID: 3562618In Slovenia, there is deficiency of data on the presence of mycotoxins in silage; therefore the samples of grass and maize silage were examined. The organoleptic assessment was performed and the content of lower fatty acid in silages samples was established with the method of gas chromatography. As very good, 48% of grass and 76% of maize silage were evaluated. In the samples the growth of Penicilliummould has been dominating, followed by the genera Aspergillus and Fusarium. The samples were examined also on the presence of aflatoxin B1, deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone, penicillic acid, mycophenolic acid, cyclopiazonic acid, fumonisin B1 and B2, ochratoxin A, tenuazoic acid, roquefortine C, HT-2 and T-2 toxin, gliotoxin, and neosolaniol. In 52% of all silage samples, the mycotoxin DON was detected, followed with zearalenone and penicillic acid (39 %). Mycophenolic acid was determined in 36% of all silages. Aflatoxin B1 was present in four grass silages. Gliotoxin, T-2 toxin, neosolaniol and cyclopiazonic acid were not found in any of the samples.
B.03 Paper at an international scientific conference
COBISS.SI-ID: 3687802The results and findings of the research in CRP v4-1101 were presented. Data on the levels of mycotoxins in 290 samples of cereals and cereal products analysed in the framework of the Slovenian official controls in 2008-2012 were presented, the analytical procedure for the determination of mycotoxins using LC -MS / MS, the results of analyses of 120 samples of grass and corn silage taken from Slovenian farms in the years 2011-2014 and the estimation of fusariosis infection rate of wheat and maize from experimental farms Jable and Rakičan and DON contamination in 2012-2014 as well as the results of tests and measures the mill processing industry to reduce the levels of DON were shown.
F.18 Transfer of new know-how to direct users (seminars, fora, conferences)