Objective A novel oligoclonal band (OB) assay which consists of isoelectric focusing (IEF) and IgG immunodetection by alkaline phosphatase-labeled anti IgG antibody was reported to be very sensitive. It also accurately predicted conversion to MS in patients with CIS. The aim of our study was to compare sensitivity of a novel and the standard procedure with peroxidase immunodetection in a large number of CIS and MS patients. Methods OB were determined in serum and CSF samples in 161 patients (104 females), 47 with CISand 114 with MS with median age 38 years (range 19-68) using both methods.Results Eighty-three percent of patients had CSF OB with the standard and 89% with the novel method. Median number of OB was 5 (range 0-17) with theperoxidase and 8 (range 0-18) with the alkaline phosphatase method; p = 0.001. Twenty-one percent of patients had Ž10 OB with the standard and 37% with the novel method of the detection; p = 0.021. Subjective impression of band clarity showed that 20% of patients had sharper and stronger bands when the peroxidase and 65% when the alkaline phosphatase method was used; p ( 0.0001. Conclusion The alkaline phosphatase method is more sensitive than theperoxidase method and at the same time cheaper, easy to perform and less time consuming.
COBISS.SI-ID: 352940
CONTEXT: Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) are the most common neurodegenerative dementia types. It is important to differentiatebetween them because of the differences in prognosis and treatment approaches. OBJECTIVE: Investigate if sparse partial least squares (SPLS) classification of cortical thickness measurements could differentiate between AD and DLB. METHODS: Two independent cohorts without MR-protocol alignment in Norway and Slovenia with 97 AD and DLB subjects were enrolled. Cortical thickness measurements acquired with Freesurfer were used in subsequent SPLS classification runs. The cohorts were analyzed separately and afterwards combined. The models were trained with leave-one-out cross validation and test datasets where used when available. To study the impact ofMR-protocol alignment, the classifiers were additionally tested on sets drawn exclusively from the independent cohorts. RESULTS: The obtained sensitivity/specificity/AUC values were 94.4/88.89/0.978 and 88.2/94.1/0.969 in the Norwegian and Slovenian cohorts, respectively. Both cohorts showed AD-associated pattern of thinning in mid-anterior temporal, occipital and subgenual cingulate cortex, whereas the pattern supportive for DLB included thinning in dorsal cingulate, posterior temporal and lateral orbitofrontal regions. When combining the cohorts, sensitivity/specificity/AUC were 82.1/85.7/0.948 for the training and 77.8/75/0.731 for the testing datasets with the same pattern-of-difference. The models tested on datasets drawn exclusively from the independent cohorts did not produce adequate accuracy. CONCLUSION: SPLS classification of cortical thickness is a good method for differentiating between AD and DLB, relatively stable even for mixed data, butnot when tested on completely independent data drawn from different cohorts(without MR-protocol alignment).
COBISS.SI-ID: 624812
Background: The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between cerebrospinal fluid Alzheimerćs disease (AD) markers and depression in elderlypeople. Method: We included subjects with AD as well as persons with subjective cognitive impairment and normal cognition. Depression was assessed with the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia, and a cut-off score of 1 6 was used to define depression. Cerebrospinal fluid was analyzed using commercially available assays for beta-amyloid 1-42, total tau, and phosphorylated tau 181. Results: A total of 183 participants (66.7% female) were included (92 with AD and 91 with subjective cognitive impairment), with amean age ( +-SD) of 67.6 +- 7.4 years, a Mini-Mental State Examination score of 26.0 +- 4.0, and a median Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia score of5 (range 0-19). Depression scores were not associated with higher phosphorylated tau 181 and total tau or reduced beta-amyloid 1-42 in AD or non-demented subjects. Conclusions: These results suggest that AD pathology does not contribute to depression, indicating that other factors may be more important. Further studies of the aetiology of depression in elderly people with and without AD are warranted.
COBISS.SI-ID: 29602265