After five years Asphalt Pavement Association of Slovenia (ZAS) issued an updated book Asfalt2. In this short time period, some significant changes have occurred, which marked the asphalt branch. In 2008 the European standards were introduced throughout the EU. In Slovenia at the same time with European standards the Slovenian national appendices were accepted with narrower limits of the technical requirements adapted to our local conditions. In the last few years the regulation for pavement design was also changed in Slovenia. Increasing demands are placed for the technical requirements and for the protection of the environment. Authors of the book Asfalt2 are top Slovenian experts from institutes, executive, engineering and construction companies. They collected and upgraded knowledge from several existing documents, which are important at this moment in the asphalt industry. In this book a shorter version of accumulated technical regulations, current knowledge and future prospects of Slovene asphalt branch are presented. This book lays the basis for the asphalt industry to continuously reduce energy demands, to use alternative materials in asphalt roads and to increase durability of asphalt pavements.
C.02 Editorial board of a national monograph
COBISS.SI-ID: 255955200In the frame of the study of the usefulness of ash from the grate produced in cogeneration facility Celje (TC), we decided that we will try to use this ash as an ingredient in asphalt mixes. From the combustion of light fractions of municipal waste and sewage treatment plants are formed two types of ash and ash through the grate (Bottom Ash BA), which is categorized as nonhazardous waste and fly ash (Fly Ash FA) which is categorized as hazardous waste. It is estimated that at the normal operation of TC it produce 4 000 t BA and 500 t of FA per year. In the interest of the Celje District manager is to find potential applications for both waste and thereby reduce the amount of material that needs to be permanently disposed of at an appropriate landfill. With laboratory tests, we found that the ash from the grate can used as a supplement to filler in the asphalt mixture. In the laboratory we have prepared an asphalt design for the asphalt wearing course (AC Surf 8 B 50/70 A4) with about 2% BA ash, which meets the requirements of Slovenian standards. We are aware that real performance of asphalt containing BA ash can be validated with industrial production of such asphalt in the asphalt plant. With monitoring durability of built in asphalt layers, we observe the behavior of the material in the test field and in just a few years we can finally evaluate the suitability of BA ash in asphalt mixtures.
F.07 Improvements to an existing product
COBISS.SI-ID: 4874010With laboratory tests, we found that the PMMA/ATH composite dust can be used as a replacement or additive to the filler. With high hardness, resistance to most chemicals, mechanical and heatresistance of PMMA/ATH composite dust improves virtually all measured properties of asphalt mixtures. We demonstrated that the PMMA/ATH composite dust as replacement or additive to the filler increase the adhesion between the stone aggregates and bitumen, thus increasing the stiffness of asphalt mixture, and also resistance to fatigue. In the laboratory, we have prepared a preliminary composition for the base course of asphalt (AC base 22 B 50/70) and the previous composition of the asphalt wearing course (AC surf 8 B 50/70) that meet the requirements of Slovenian standards. It is known that by using more accurate simulations we can not accurately predict how some new material will behave at the production and installation, so the manufacturer of asphalt CGP in June 2009 decided to test a new material. With test production and built in asphalt containing PMMA/ATH composite dust we needed only 6 months from the idea to test usage of secondary raw materials in asphalt. According to expectations the asphalt layers containing PMMA/ATH composite dust showed a significant improvement of mechanical properties. 3 years after building testing field we can already see that the sustainability of asphalt containing PMMA/ATH composite dust is at least equivalent to the sustainability of ordinary asphalt without this additive. With further laboratory tests, we found that the PMMA/ATH composite dust can be used as a supplement to the bitumen. With laboratory tests on bitumen we proved that PMMA/ATH composite dust could be as effective as other commercial polymer additives. PMMA/ATH composite dust significantly increases the range of applicability of bitumen that is temperature range between Fraass breaking point and softening point. With further tests it will be necessary to determine if, in the final material balance PMMA/ATH composite dust can be considered as part of the bitumen.
F.04 Increase of the technological level
COBISS.SI-ID: 5122074First PMMA/ATH dust as a new modifier for bituminous binders, which increases the durability of asphalt, was tested in laboratory. As second step we transferred this kind of modification of bitumen on an industrial level. For this step it was necessary to adjust asphalt recipe. Then it was necessary to prepare, verify and synchronized adding PMMA/ATH dust in the bitumen. We main uncertainty represented the quality of the mixing dust into bitumen and the stability of the modified binder. The test production of modified bitumen was started only after careful testing system for adding additives in the bitumen. In general, the results of investigations were within the expected. PMMA/ATH dust is slightly uneven but still relatively good mixed in bitumen. In the test production content of PMMA / ATH dust in the bitumen (4.8 (m .-%)) was smaller compared to the laboratory experience. It was too small to substantially improve properties of asphalt, but nevertheless we expect a slightly increased resistance to the formation of ruts and thus the sustainability of asphalt surfaces. With this trial increased quality of asphalt and also some saving in the price were achieved. At the assumption that the price of bitumen is 0.6 Euro per liter, with addition 1 ton of PMMA/ATH dust in 20 tonnes of bitumen about 350 Euro was saved.
F.10 Improvements to an existing technological process or technology
COBISS.SI-ID: 5436954This paper presents a case study to increase the percentage of reclaimed asphalt (RA) in asphalt mixture by using rejuvenator and to characterize the quality of such mixture. Effect of rejuvenator was determined on laboratory and on in plant prepared samples. In laboratory we prepared asphalt mixtures containing different percentages of RA (0%, 10%, 30%, 50%) and rejuvenator. The mixture without RA is control mixture, made only with virgin raw materials. In asphalt plant we prepared asphalt mixture with highest content of RA and control mixture. We conducted different tests, e.g. determining softening point, Fraass breaking point, penetration, indirect tensile strength. Asphalt containing RA was successfully produced in ordinary batch asphalt plant with no special hardware, like parallel drum. Results showed that asphalt mixture containing RA and rejuvenator fulfilled the technical standards and the quality was in most cases even better than asphalt mixture made from virgin materials.
B.03 Paper at an international scientific conference
COBISS.SI-ID: 5488922