In a chapter textile industry as a significant source of organic pollutants is presented. The whole textile chain with potential source of pollution is discussed in detail, from raw materials, used chemicals and dyes, nature of textile processes to final products. Additionally, some textile wastewater treatment processes are discussed as well as the incineration of waste textile materials.
B.06 Other
COBISS.SI-ID: 15803926Molecular encapsulation involves all intermolecular interactions where covalent bonds are not established between the interacting species. Among all potential hosts, the cyclodextrins (CDs) are to be the most important for the following reasons: (1) CDs are seminatural products; they are produced from a renewable natural material, starch, by a relatively simple enzymatic conversion. (2) They are produced in thousands of tons per year by environmentally friendly technologies. (3) Because of their huge production, the initially high prices of CDs have dropped to levels where they become acceptable for most industrial purposes. (4) CDs can form inclusion complexes with various small molecules. This "molecular encapsulation" is already widely utilized in many industrial products, technologies, and analytical methods. (5) In general, CDs are not toxic, but any of their toxic effect is of secondary character and can be eliminated by selecting the appropriate CD type or derivative or mode of application. (6) As a result of point 5, CDs can be consumed by humans as ingredients of drugs, foods, or cosmetics.Cyclodextrins are cyclic oligosaccharides, they are macrocyclic compounds built from glucopyranose units. CDs can be used as dyeing auxiliaries that improve dye adsorption onto fibres, increasing solubility and affinity of the CD-complex with fibres or they can be grafted onto textile materials by using crosslinking reagents or by the introduction of reactive groups in CD’s structure.
B.06 Other
COBISS.SI-ID: 15601174The textile industry is very diverse, heterogeneous, and characterized by high consumption of water, fuel, and chemicals. Environmental problems are mainly associated with wastewater. With regard to globalization and scarcity of water, wastewater treatment and recycling possibilities in the textile industry are of the highest importance. In this chapter, raw materials and processes used in textile industry are briefly discussed, with special attention given to characteristics of textile water supply and wastewater produced from different process steps. The general characteristics of textile wastewater and wastewater-treatment technologies are described and reuse possibilities are discussed.
B.06 Other
COBISS.SI-ID: 14770966This paper presents proposed solutions for water reuse implementation in two Slovene textile finishing companies. As a first step a very complete database was obtained with the collection and characterization of all relevant water related textile production processes. On the one hand, data concerning water use, chemicals and energy were collected for all relevant production processes. On the other hand, all relevant batch discharges from each process were analyzed by measuring relevant ecological parameters. Afterwards textile effluents were classified in high and low concentrated, in view of their separate treatments and further reuse possibilities. The distinction between low and high concentrated effluents was based on effluents potential treatability by membrane and AOP technologies and their reusability in textile processes. As final step laboratory scale dyeing with recycled water and process water was realized with the aim of colour difference determination between normal process water and recycled water.
B.04 Guest lecture
COBISS.SI-ID: 14556950For decoloration and degradation of textile wastewater many applicable methods have been developed, but because of the composition complexity of the textile wastewater the use of universal procedures seems to be impossible. So, there is a need to find an efficient and cost-effective wastewater treatment for the decoloration of textile wastewaters. In this chapter a survey of the most widely used and, according to many researches, the most promising textile wastewater decoloration methods are presented.
B.06 Other
COBISS.SI-ID: 13149974