Bone mineral density (BMD) is the most widely used predictor of fracture risk.We performed the largest meta-analysis to date on lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD, including 1 17 genome-wide association studies and 32,961 1 individuals of European and east Asian ancestry. We tested the top BMD-associated markers for replication in 50,933 independent subjects and for association with risk of low-trauma fracture in 31,016 individuals with a history of fracture (cases) and 1 102,444 controls. We identified 56 loci (32 new) associated with BMD at genome-wide significance (P ( 5 Ž 1 10Ž8). Several of these factors cluster within the RANK-RANKL-OPG, mesenchymal stem cell differentiation, endochondral ossification and Wnt signaling pathways. However, we also discovered loci that were localized to genes not known to have a role in bone biology. Fourteen BMD-associated loci were also associated with fracture risk (P ( 5 Ž 1 10Ž4, Bonferroni corrected), of which six reached P ( 5 Ž 1 10Ž8, including at 1 18p1111.21 (FAM210A), 7q21.3 (SLC25A13), 11 11 11q13.2 (LRP5), 4q22.1 1 (MEPE), 2p16.2 (SPTBN1) and 1 10q21.1 1 (DKK1). These findings shed light on the genetic architecture and pathophysiological mechanisms underlying BMD variation and fracture susceptibility.
COBISS.SI-ID: 3233137
Background: Much research suggests that oxidative stress is associated with osteoporosis development. Glutathione S-transferases mu3 (GSTM3) are an important group of detoxifying enzymes that eliminate oxidative stress-relatedproducts. Objectives: To examine the associations of functional GSTM3 gene polymorphisms (Val224Ile and insdelAGG), their haplotypes and, in combination with GSTT1- null and GSTM1-null polymorphisms, with bone mineral density (BMD) measured at femoral neck (_fn), lumbar spine (_ls) and total hip(_th) and biochemical bone turnover markers in 593 Slovenian elderly women and 119 Slovenian elderly men. Methods: GSTM3, GSTT1-null and GSTM1-null gene polymorphisms using sizing denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography, triplex PCR method or realtime PCR; BMD_fn, BMD_ls, BMD_th values using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, and plasma osteocalcin, serum bone alkaline phosphatase and free soluble tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 11 (sRANKL) concentrations using a solid-phase, two-site chemiluminescent enzyme- labeled immunometric assay, radioimmunoassay or enzyme immunoassay were determined. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way and two-way ANCOVA with adjustment for potential confounders (age, height and weight). Results: The (borderline) significant differences in BMD_th and BMD_fn values between genotype subgroups of Val224Ile polymorphism of GSTM3 gene (p = 0.057 and 0.053, respectively) with the lowest BMD values among heterozygotes and between 224Ile-insAGG haplotype subgroups (p = 0.048 and 0.019, respectively) were found. Significant differences of BMD_fn between the 224Ile-delAGG haplotype subgroups were observed (p = 0.012). Association of 224Val-insAGG with BMD_fn was of borderline significance (p = 0.062). Conclusion: The results of our study demonstrate the genetic association between detoxifying enzyme GSTM3 and BMD variation, suggesting that the Val- 224Ile polymorphism and 224Ile-insAGG haplotype could be used for further evaluation of the impact of GSTs gene polymorphisms on osteoporosis, using larger cohorts in searching for osteoporosis risk markers.
COBISS.SI-ID: 3198833
3. Patients with diabetes differ in compliance to diabetes self-management which influences their long-term health. Psychological factors, namely depression and cognitive abilities, are associated with diabetes self-management behaviour. The aim of the study was to identify independent association of particular cognitive functions with diabetes self-management. In a cross sectional study 98 adults with type 2 diabetes. We found that specific cognitive functions, namely immediate memory, visuospatial/constructional abilities, attention, and specific executive functions (planning and problem solving) were significantly associated with diabetes self-management. Among cognitive factors, planning and problem solving abilities were strongest predictors; furthermore, in a multivariate regression their association their association was independent from depression.
COBISS.SI-ID: 29621721