This article describes resveratrol, a phytoalexin abundantly present in a variety of diet productsthat has been reported to elicit many cellular responses, including cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and senescence. Cultured human U87MG cells and primary human glioblastoma cultures were used to demonstrate the effects of chronically administered resveratrol, eliciting not only cell growth arrest and cell toxicity, but also limiting cell migration and invasion and promoting long-lasting morphological changes reminiscent of a more mature phenotype. In the cells that survived chronic administration of resveratrol, the expression of differentiation markers of mature glial cells and of neurons, was increased, lasting long up to 96 h after resveratrol was removed. The present findings support the introduction of pulsed administration of resveratrol in the chemotherapy regimen of glioma.
COBISS.SI-ID: 2378063
Because of the growing number of applications of TiO2 photocatalysis, in our daily life we are more and more often exposed to photocatalytically (with UV) activated anatase particles of TiO2. Studies have shown that in the presence of UV irradiation toxicity and genotoxicity of TiO2 is higher. In our study we wanted to see whether toxicological properties of UV-irradiated TiO2 particles differ from non-irradiated in the absence of UV irradiation. Because of that we pre-irradiated anatase nano- and submicron-sized TiO2 particles with UV and then, after the UV irradiation has been discontinued, we tested their cyto- and genotoxicity in comparison with non-irradiated particles. We have shown that cyto- and genotoxic potential of UV pre-irradiated TiO2 anatase particles drastically increases, irrespective of the particle size. This is the first study, which showed that after pre-irradiation of TiO2 particles with UV their toxic potential drastically increases.
COBISS.SI-ID: 2430031
The occurence of cyanobacterial blooms has significantly increased worldwide in the last century due to water eutrophication. These blooms are hazardous to humans, animals and plants due to the production of cyanotoxins, which can be classified in five different groups: hepatotoxins, neurotoxins, cytotoxins, dermatotoxins, and irritant toxins (lipopolysaccharides). Certain cyanobacterial toxins are genotoxic and carcinogenic however, the mechanisms of their potential carcinogenicity are not well understood. In this invited review we discuss current scientific knowledge on the genotoxic and carcinogenic potential of cyanobacterial toxins, particularly microcystin-LR (MCLR), nodularin (NOD) and cylindrospermopsin (CYN), as these are the most frequently occurring cyanotoxins in surface and drinking water and also the most studied regarding the mechanisms of their genotoxicity and potential carcinogenicity.
COBISS.SI-ID: 2385231