Authors report results of the largest genome-wide association study of melanoma conducted by the GenoMEL consortium which identified three loci: 16q24 encompassing MC1R , 11q14-q21 encompassing TYR and 9p21 adjacent to MTAP and flanking CDKN2A. MC1R and TYR are associated with pigmentation, freckling and cutaneous sun sensitivity, well-recognized melanoma risk factors. Common variants within the 9p21 locus have not previously been associated with melanoma.
Authors comment on results of the Lee's study of Improved survival after lymphadenectomy for nodal metastasis from an unknown primary melanoma and negative results of MSLT-1 trial. The most probable explanation is a more benign natural course of disease in melanoma patients.