Between 1997 and 2002 field, pot and lab trials were carried out at the Institute for Hop Research and Brewing Žalec. In these trials the influence of weeds on hop growth and the quantity and quality of yield was studied. In field trials carried out between 1997 and 2001 we studied the influence of different weed species, their number and weediness duration on the quantity and quality of yield, including hop growth. It was established that annual weeds regardless of their number and weediness duration did not statistically significantly affect the yield quantity and quality in the first two years, while after a few years the negative effect of Chenopodium album and Amaranthus retroflexus increased. Weediness caused by perennial weeds, such as Symphytum officinale, Rumex obtusifolius and Convolvulus arvensis impaired hop growth and resulted in smaller and worse yield quality already in the second year of research. While studying the influence of various types of irrigation on weed and hop development and their consequential effect on the hop yield in the field trials carried out between 1998 and 2000, we found out that we could affect the development of weeds with different types of irrigation. Despite different irrigation systems and the differences in the weed mass, we did not find statistically significant differences in the hop yield. It was established with pot and lab trials that hop extract in studied weeds with the exception of Convolvulus arvensis affected germination and the growth of weed seeds. With the germination trials it was further proved that the germination and the growth of studied weeds could be hindered by sowing forage rape. When we studied the influence of the draining water obtained from different weeds on hop development, it was found out that the presence of perennial weeds such as Elymus repens, Rumex obtusifolius and Symphytum officinale all impaired the development of hop while at annual weeds with the exception of Chenopodium album, this was not observed. When doing a research into efficiency of different mechanical measures used for weed control, it was foud out that it depended on the size of the weed as well as soil moisture in the time of treatment. The best results were achieved when the mechanical measures were used earlier and in dry conditions, which acted as deterrent for anew overgrowing and the development of affected weeds.
COBISS.SI-ID: 97006337
The ecological homogenization of urban areas has been postulated, and as the sources of pollution are the same in most European cities, it is possible that soil contamination is another factor of convergence.We compared the release of Cu, Pb, and Zn from 48 soils of four cities (namely Glasgow, Ljubljana, Sevilla, and Torino) when submerged for up to 30 days. A decrease of the redox potential was observed in all soils after a few days and an increase of Mn and then Fe in solution. Cu, Pb, and Zn were consequently released to the solution according to the general soil contamination.
COBISS.SI-ID: 5700968
Remote sensing methods enable comparatively accurate detection of pests and diseases over larger areas. Furthermore, because remote sensing sensors utilize light outside the human visible spectrum, presymptomatic detection becomes possible, thus facilitating timely, appropriate and spatially accurate management practices. Because remote sensing systems generate large amount of data, novel data analysis methods, such as machine learning, were introduced to plant protection.
COBISS.SI-ID: 45571373