While earlier research in mostly Western countries has shown that socioeconomic elites prefer “high-brow” cultural activities (are cultural “univores”), more recent studies indicate they engage in a wide range of cultural activities (are culturally “omnivorous”). There is a lack of studies on cultural profiles and their correlates among youth, especially in post-communist countries, typically characterized by comparatively higher economic and social egalitarianism. The main aim of our study was to examine cultural participation profiles and their sociodemographic, economic and educational determinants among Slovenian youth. We used a subsample of 16–34-year-olds (N = 6,470) within a nationally representative sample of Slovenians aged 16 and above from EU SILC data (SURS, 2015). A latent class analysis included 23 activities across four dimensions: visiting cultural sites, attending high-brow events, attending popular events and performing creative activities. In contrast to previous studies, only two cultural classes emerged. The largest class were “popular univores”, which represented 69% of our sample. They attended sports events, concerts and cinema, but were otherwise culturally disengaged. The members of the second class (31%) engaged in a variety of high-brow and popular activities, yet were not “typical” omnivores; instead, (owing to their low attendance at opera, ballet, dance performances and low levels of creative activity) they were more similar to a previously detected group: the “quasi-omnivores”. We also found that “quasi-omnivores” were more likely to be women, younger youth, to have higher incomes and to be more educated. Our findings indicate the importance of social determinants of cultural participation profiles; yet, we found no evidence of the existence of “typical” omnivores among Slovenian youth.
B.03 Paper at an international scientific conference
COBISS.SI-ID: 24775944How parents raise their children – e.g., thorough parenting styles – impacts youth's developmental outcomes, including their physical and mental health, health-risk and protective behaviours, educational and occupational success, and social skills and relationships. Research also shows that parenting practices largely depends on parental personal, family and environmental opportunities and characteristics. Additionally, family’s cultural resources, including cultural artefacts in the household, but also parents using the logic of “concerted cultivation” by encouraging their children to take up structured cultural and social activities, which are particularly valued in society, may also positively impact the quality of relationships between parents and off springs and their developmental outcomes. In the present study, we examined 1) whether parenting styles and concerted cultivation are unevenly distributed across the social hierarchy (measured through family socioeconomic status and gender); 2) whether parenting styles are associated with concerted cultivation; 3) whether parenting styles and concerted cultivation impact the developmental outcomes of young people in the areas of physical and mental health, substance use, academic achievement and the quality of relationships with peers; and 4) whether the impact is moderated by gender. Data from a representative sample of Slovenian young people aged 15–29 were analysed (N = 1257; 48.8% of women). The results of multivariate analyses showed that girls are more likely to report concerted cultivation and authoritative parenting, and less likely to report permissive parenting. Lower maternal education was associated with authoritarian parenting, while other SES indicators and family structure were not significant predictors of either parenting variable. Concerted cultivation was linked to decreased substance use, higher quality relationships, and better school outcomes. Gender moderated some of the relationships. Implications of the results are discussed in the context of the importance of parenting styles and concerted cultivation for improving developmental outcomes of Slovenian young people.
B.03 Paper at an international scientific conference
COBISS.SI-ID: 24771336The main purpose of our research was to examine the relationship among various indicators of educational habitus and subjective health using a nationally representative survey sample of school-enrolled young people (Slovenian Youth 2013 Study) aged between 16 and 27 years. Subjective health was measured with four indicators: self-rated health, mental health, self-perceived stress and depression. Educational habitus was measured with six indicators: perceived school stressfulness, average academic grade, hours of studying daily, satisfaction with Slovenia’s educational system, school adjustment (willingness/desire to attend school) and youth’s expectations of getting employment after completing schooling. The results indicated that 1) one third of bivariate correlation coefficients between habitus and health were statistically significant; 2) the strongest correlation was between self-perceived stress and self-assessed difficulty of the school process; 3) the most consistent health predictor was satisfaction with Slovenian educational system, which was in bivariate analysis associated with three out of four indicators of subjective health and with composite measure of overall health; 4) in multivariate analysis only a few coefficients remained significant; 5) there were twice as many statistically significant associations between indicators of habitus and health among girls than among boys.
B.03 Paper at an international scientific conference
COBISS.SI-ID: 24141832