While earlier research in mostly Western countries has shown that socioeconomic elites prefer “high-brow” cultural activities (are cultural “univores”), more recent studies indicate they engage in a wide range of cultural activities (are culturally “omnivorous”). There is a lack of studies on cultural profiles and their correlates among youth, especially in postcommunist countries, typically characterized by comparatively higher economic and social egalitarianism. The main aim of our study was to examine cultural participation profiles and their sociodemographic, economic and educational determinants among Slovenian youth. We used a subsample of 16–34-year-olds (N = 6,470) within a nationally representative sample of Slovenians aged 16 and above from EU SILC data (SURS, 2015). A latent class analysis included 23 activities across four dimensions: visiting cultural sites, attending high-brow events, attending popular events and performing creative activities. In contrast to previous studies, only two cultural classes emerged. The largest class were “popular univores”, which represented 69% of our sample. They attended sports events, concerts and cinema, but were otherwise culturally disengaged. The members of the second class (31%) engaged in a variety of high-brow and popular activities, yet were not “typical” omnivores; instead, (owing to their low attendance at opera, ballet, dance performances and low levels of creative activity) they were more similar to a previously detected group: the “quasi-omnivores”. We also found that “quasi-omnivores” were more likely to be women, younger youth, to have higher incomes and to be more educated. Our findings indicate the importance of social determinants of cultural participation profiles; yet, we found no evidence of the existence of “typical” omnivores among Slovenian youth.
B.03 Paper at an international scientific conference
COBISS.SI-ID: 24775944How parents raise their children – e.g., thorough parenting styles – impacts youth's developmental outcomes, including their physical and mental health, health-risk and protective behaviours, educational and occupational success, and social skills and relationships. Research also shows that parenting practices largely depends on parental personal, family and environmental opportunities and characteristics. Additionally, family’s cultural resources, including cultural artefacts in the household, but also parents using the logic of “concerted cultivation” by encouraging their children to take up structured cultural and social activities, which are particularly valued in society, may also positively impact the quality of relationships between parents and off springs and their developmental outcomes. In the present study, we examined 1) whether parenting styles and concerted cultivation are unevenly distributed across the social hierarchy (measured through family socioeconomic status and gender); 2) whether parenting styles are associated with concerted cultivation; 3) whether parenting styles and concerted cultivation impact the developmental outcomes of young people in the areas of physical and mental health, substance use, academic achievement and the quality of relationships with peers; and 4) whether the impact is moderated by gender. Data from a representative sample of Slovenian young people aged 15–29 were analysed (N = 1257; 48.8% of women). The results of multivariate analyses showed that girls are more likely to report concerted cultivation and authoritative parenting, and less likely to report permissive parenting. Lower maternal education was associated with authoritarian parenting, while other SES indicators and family structure were not significant predictors of either parenting variable. Concerted cultivation was linked to decreased substance use, higher quality relationships, and better school outcomes. Gender moderated some of the relationships. Implications of the results are discussed in the context of the importance of parenting styles and concerted cultivation for improving developmental outcomes of Slovenian young people.
B.03 Paper at an international scientific conference
COBISS.SI-ID: 24771336The purpose of this study is to analyse 1) whether family of orientation is a determinant of CA activities during primary school education; 2) whether family structure is a determinant of current subjective health of young people; 3) whether participation in CA activities during adolescence is related to youth’s current health, controlling for sociodemographic variables. Method: We analysed a sample of young people in Slovenia up to 34 years old (average age = 19.25 years old; 57.5% females. Structure of family of orientation was measured with four categories (1 = two-parent family with both biological parents; 2 = one-parent family (biological mother); 3 = one-parent family (biological father); 4 = reorganised family (at least two carers, one of which is a biological parent). We also measured frequency of participation in five extracurricular CA activities in areas of music, computer/ICT, photography, theatre and other fields of CA (0 to 5 activities). Current health of young people was measured with a 5-point scale of self-rated health (SRH) (1 = poor; 5 = excellent). Bivariate analysis showed statistically significant (p ( 0.05) correlation between all three variables of interest. Self-rated health and frequency of CA activities were the lowest in reorganised families, higher frequency of CA was statistically significantly related to better SRH. Results of ordinal regression analysis showed that, when controlled for gender and age, reorganised family of orientation and lower frequency of CA remained statistically significantly related to worse SRH. Our research showed that family and school contexts during adolescence are related to health of young people in later periods of youth. In Slovenia, a greater focus should be placed on ensuring equal opportunities for adolescents in school environment, and on explaining the mechanisms through which family characteristics contribute to young people’s health and to their extracurricular cultural engagement.
B.03 Paper at an international scientific conference
COBISS.SI-ID: 36487683A large body of literature suggests that a variety of resources can have an impact on health. The majority of previous studies have focused mainly on economic (e.g., income, wealth and living conditions) and social capital (e.g., relationships and social support) and their role in explaining health inequalities. Numerous studies have also dealt with the health impact of “Bourdieu’s” cultural capital, either in isolation or compared to other forms of capital. These studies have found that people’s cultural practices and dispositions (“habitus”) may also impact their health and wellbeing, above and beyond other forms of capital. Yet, the majority of such studies have been carried out in Western, established democracies and on adult populations. Our study focused on youth in a post-communist, comparatively egalitarian country. We examined the link between several subjective health and well-being indicators and various measures of cultural capital, as well as other economic and social capital indicators, controlling for sociodemographic correlates. We used data from a representative study of Slovenian young people aged 16–27 years (N = 1,257; 48.8 % women). We found that several indicators of cultural capital had bivariate associations with subjective health and well-being, some positive (e.g., reading and engagement in public cultural events), and some negative (e.g., writing a journal/poetry and online cultural activities). In multivariate regression models, the impact of several measures of cultural capital remained significant net of other forms of capital and sociodemographic controls. Implications of the results are discussed, and future research possibilities are suggested.
B.03 Paper at an international scientific conference
COBISS.SI-ID: 24163592The results of our research offer an insight into the cultural participation of young people and its role in the post-modern (information, digital) society. The results have important implications for the formulation of cultural policies with the aim of encouraging and involving young people in cultural activities and enabling equal access to culture in Slovenia, as well as in Europe. Based on the results of our research, we provide some suggestions and recommendations for decision-makers, as well as for other stakeholders employed in the cultural sphere (cultural workers, producers, heads of cultural institutions, etc.), education workers, youth workers and all those working with young people, but also for young people’s parents.
F.18 Transfer of new know-how to direct users (seminars, fora, conferences)