The human body has developed a thermoregulation system that maintains an internal body temperature of about 37 °C. When the body temperature is excessive, sweat mechanisms are activated which lead to a reduction in body temperature through sweat evaporation. Depending on their properties, garments have a great influence on the heat exchange process between the human body and the environment. Different printing processes change the properties of textile materials and thus the garments made from them. In this paper, the influence of digital printing parameters on the thermophysiological properties of textile materials is investigated. For this purpose, we investigated the water vapour flow properties of knitted fabrics and fabrics made of cotton, polyester or a mixture of these two materials and printed. By measuring water vapour resistance values (Ret) it was found that a higher number of print passes as well as an increase in tone value leads to an increase in the water vapour resistance value. The results showed that the water vapour resistance values depend on the material composition of the printing substrate and the surface structure of the material as well as on the printing parameters. Based on this study, mathematical dependence models of water vapour resistance for printed textile materials were developed. These models precisely defined the influence of certain process parameters on the water vapour resistance values for printed materials. The influence of printing parameters on the water vapour resistance was of great importance for the design of garments, especially when adapting processes to produce garments with optimal aesthetic and thermal properties for different purposes.
COBISS.SI-ID: 21019414
Human population is aging. Therefore, considerable amount of attention has to be given to the problems specific to aging. Dementia is one of such problems. There is a strong relation between dementia and gait disorders. With aging the amount of people falling during standing, walking or climbing stairs dramatically increases. Because of this, the elderly people have a greater need for care and assistance and are more likely to be admitted to a nursing home after a fall, although they would like to stay at their own home and be independent. Although a number of researchers are dealing with this problematics so from the point of the medical diagnostics, as from view of possibility of integrating fall detection device into clothing, there are still unresolved problems on the area of providing safety of people with dementia. This contribution deals with the integration of a fall detection system being supplied by printed batteries into clothing, designed with medical function in mind for safety of elderly people and patients with dementia. The first part presents a fall detection and long-term motion monitoring system and considers its power consumption. Energy consumption will be considered based on an amount of current consumed by particular parts of fall detection and long-term monitoring system. The second part gives an overview of various batteries suitable to supply the fall detection and long-term motion monitoring system integrated into clothing, while the third part presents suggestions for fall detection and long-term motion monitoring system integration into clothing.
COBISS.SI-ID: 22003222
The two-fold purpose of this study is to document the current challenges of the 3D scanning and computer simulation techniques in developing functional garments for people with physical disabilities and/or postural disorder kyphosis. The first part of the study investigates the health problems of the wheelchair users and presents the possibilities of developing functional pants from the perspective of protection and health needs. The second part of the study investigates the usefulness of the newly developed methodology for elementary surfaces evaluation, named CASP (Curvature, Acceleration, Symmetry, Proportionality), in the process of designing the well-fitted bodice for wheelchair users suffering from the postural disorder kyphosis. The relationships between the health problems, human body postures, kyphosis, 3D scanning, CASP evaluation and treated garments were considered in the prototyping process. The obtained research results regarding the functional pants for wheelchair users and the well-fitted bodice for a kyphosis body are valuable also for a wider population of those who are forced to a sitting posture during a day and are confronted with similar health problems of paraplegics and/or are affected by the kyphosis.
COBISS.SI-ID: 22300950
Clothing intended for wearing in the water is specific under the various aspects, designs and materials used for its manufacture, and under the aspect of the high demands on functionality and manufacturing technologies for such clothing. Regardless of whether it is used for leisure or certain water sports activities, such clothing must meet a list of criteria to ensure adequate body protection and a perfect fit according to the body shape and dimensions under dynamic wearing conditions. In most cases, clothing intended to be worn in the water must fit the body completely. This presents designers and constructors with the special challenge of developing an attractive model design with a perfect dimensional and form-fit according to the desired body shape, as well as form stability and comfort under water wearing conditions. This paper presents research work on the dynamic behavior and fit analysis of custom-made diving suits. For this purpose virtual models of diving suits based on the physical and mechanical properties of a three-layer laminated textile structure (neoprene) and real prototypes were developed. For the development of real prototypes cutting parts were used for which a verification of computer prototypes was performed. Computer prototypes as well as real prototypes were used for stretch and pressure analysis under static and dynamic conditions. On the basis of the results obtained, a correlation analysis between body changes in dynamic positions and dynamic load was performed, which was determined on the computer and on real prototypes. The results of the analysis showed that the following parameters are important for the behavior of the diving suits: extension at maximum load in warp and weft direction (98 cN per unit width), bending rigidity in warp and weft direction, shear rigidity, thickness and weight of the embedded material. In order to ensure adequate adaptation to the high values of flexural rigidity and elasticity of the material, an appropriate reduced elasticity factor in the transverse direction is determined, which must be taken into account when modifying the cutting parts to achieve the necessary fit the user's body. The analysis of the research results showed that it is between 5% and 15%, depending on the position of the segment of the garment in the manufactured garment. The results of the visualization of the simulated prototypes of both models after scaling confirmed an adequate fit of the garment patterns. On the basis of the obtained results of tensile and compressive loads of diving clothing acting on the body, we found that the measured values of compressive force of the clothing acting on the body in the chest area show a satisfactory correlation between the clothing simulated on the computer and the actual prototype clothing. The analysis of the results of the stretching and compression effect of the diving clothing as a result of the body movement caused confirmed a tight fit with the same behavior that can be observed on the naked body dimensions in dynamic positions.
COBISS.SI-ID: 22874902
Textiles refer to fibres and fibre assemblies, and most products for which these are a principal raw material. This chapter presents an overview of textile structures, from fibres, yarns to planar, flexible sheet-like structures such as fibre-based products, their classification, methods of manufacture, and uses. The fibres` structure and formation that govern their suitability for use in various applications are summarised briefly, and significant properties and performance of textile structures are given. The focus is directed upon fibres` structure and formation, including high-performance fibres and other speciality fibres, based on an understanding of the fundamentals of textile chemistry and the processes by which textile fibres are converted into a wide variety of useful products. A brief overview of chemical treatments of textile structures and the chemistry of functional fibres and fabrics is given and a description of their development strategy. Finally, technical textiles and smart and intelligent textiles are highlighted, which are generating new applications for textiles, as well as an environmental impact.
COBISS.SI-ID: 22929942